Yintoni umntu ophumeleleyo? Ngokwemigangatho yeencwadi zempumelelo kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya, sinokuqonda impumelelo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: impumelelo ngamanqaku angama-30 kuphela etalente kunye nomsebenzi onzima, kodwa kuvuzwa ngamanqaku angama-100. Akunjalo? Uninzi lweencwadi zempumelelo kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya zifundisa abantu indlela yokuthengisa ukuze ikhaphetshu ithengiswe ngexabiso legolide.
Ngokwalo mgangatho, uFang Zhouzi ngokungathandabuzekiyo ungumntu ongaphumelelanga.
UFang Zhouzi, umntu ongaphumelelanga
Kwango-1995, uFang Zhouzi wafumana isidanga sobugqirha kwi-biochemistry kwiYunivesithi yaseMichigan State eMelika. Ngobu buchule bobuchule yedwa, unokukhokelela ubomi obuzolileyo nobuphezulu eUnited States. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni wayeselula, wayenemvakalelo yothando njengembongi kwaye akazange azimisele ukuchitha ixabiso lobomi bakhe kwilebhu, ngoko wakhetha ukubuyela ekhaya.
Njengogqirha wokuqala owayefunda e-United States, ukubuyela kwakhe e-China kubambe ukukhula okukhawulezayo koqoqosho lwaseTshayina ngaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi. Ngomgangatho kaFang Zhouzi wobugcisa kunye nesayensi, wayenokuba ngcono. Uninzi lwabafundi afunda nabo kufuneka babe nezindlu zodidi kunye neemoto ezidumileyo.
I-Fang Zhouzi "indlela yokunciphisa iimpahla zomgunyathi" ithathe iminyaka eyi-10 epheleleyo ukususela ekubeni waseka iwebhusayithi echasene ne-counterfeit "New Threads" ngo-2000. UFang Zhouzi uthe uya kutshabalalisa malunga ne-100 yeemveliso zomgunyathi minyaka le, eya kuba yi-1,000 kwiminyaka eyi-10. Ngaphezu koko, uFang Zhouzi, osoloko ethanda ukuthetha neenyani, phantse akazange asilele ekunciphiseni iimpahla zomgunyathi kwiminyaka eyi-10. Urhwaphilizo ezifundweni lwatyhilwa nganye nganye, amaqhatha abonisa imibala yawo yokwenene, yaye uluntu lwalukhanyiselwa ngabanye ngabanye.
Nangona kunjalo, uFang Zhouzi akafumananga mbuyekezo ininzi, kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku uluntu lwelizwe lonke alukwazanga ukukhangela iwebhusayithi "yemisonto emitsha" ngokwesiqhelo. Nangona uFang Zhouzi edume kwihlabathi lonke, akazange enze ubutyebi ngenxa yoku. Umvuzo wakhe ubukhulu becala uvela ekubhaleni ezinye iincwadi zesayensi ezidumileyo kunye neekholamu zemidiya.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uFang Zhouzi ubhale iincwadi ezili-18 ezidumileyo zesayensi, kodwa njengombhali wesayensi odumileyo, iincwadi zakhe azithengiswanga kakuhle. “Kwiincwadi endizibhalileyo, eyona ithengisa kakhulu ithengise amashumi amawaka eekopi, nto leyo ekude kakhulu neencwadi ezigcina impilo ezingamashumi ezigidi zeekopi.” Xa ebuzwa malunga nomthamo wokuthengisa wemisebenzi yesayensi eyaziwayo, watsho njalo. Ngokwengeniso, akakho phezulu kakhulu kunabasebenzi bekhola emhlophe.
UFang Zhouzi akanalo ithuba lokwenza ubutyebi. Inkampani yemveliso yokhathalelo lwempilo yathi ilahlekelwe yi-yuan yezigidi ezili-100 ngenxa yokubhengezwa kukaFang Zhouzi. Kwiimeko ezininzi ezinxulumene nobisi, akunzima kuFang Zhouzi ukufumana izigidi xa nje evula umlomo wakhe. Ngelishwa, ngokweethiyori ezimdaka zempumelelo, ubukrelekrele beemvakalelo zikaFang Zhouzi buphantsi kakhulu kwaye akachukumisi nawaphi na kula mathuba okufumana imali. Kangangeminyaka eli-10, wenze iintshaba ezininzi, kodwa akazange afunyanwe efumene izibonelelo ezingafanelekanga. Kule nkalo, uFang Zhouzi ngokwenene iqanda elingenamthungo.
Inkohliso ayenzelanga nje imali, kodwa ilahlekelwe yimali eninzi. UFang Zhouzi waphulukana namatyala amane ngenxa yokukhuselwa kwemikhosi ethile yasekuhlaleni kunye nezigqibo zenkundla ezingenangqondo. Ngo-2007, watyholwa ngokwenza umgunyathi waza waphulukana nesimangalo. Iakhawunti yomfazi wakhe yakhutshwa ngokuzolileyo ngeeyuan ezingama-40,000. Elinye iqela nalo lagrogrisa ngokuziphindezela. Ephelelwe lithemba, kwafuneka athabathe intsapho yakhe aye kwikhaya lomhlobo wakhe.
Kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, "ukusilela" kukaFang Zhouzi kwafikelela incopho, phantse ebeka ubomi bakhe esichengeni: ngo-Agasti 29, wahlaselwa ngabantu ababini ngaphandle kwekhaya lakhe. Omnye wazama ukumthoba isitofu ngento erhanelwa yiether, yaye omnye wayexhobe ngehamile ukuze ambulale. Ngethamsanqa, uFang Zhouzi "wayenengqondo ekhawulezayo, wabaleka ngokukhawuleza kwaye wayiphepha imbumbulu" enokulimala okuncinci esinqeni sakhe.
UFang Zhouzi wayenazo ezinye “iintsilelo”, kodwa abaqhatha nabaqhathayo awababhencayo babesaphumelele, nto leyo esenokuba yolunye ukusilela kwakhe okukhulu.
"UDkt. Xi Tai" uTang Jun akazange axolise ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwaye usethe inkampani entsha ukuya kwimarike eUnited States. UZhou Senfeng usahleli ngokuqinileyo kwisikhundla sakhe njengegosa lendawo, kwaye iYunivesithi yaseTsinghua ayizange iphendule ngokukopa. Nangona uYu Jinyong wanyamalala, akazange eve ukuba uye waphandwa ngenxa yezo zenzo zirhanelwa ngokungekho mthethweni. Kukwakho noLi Yi, “umfundisi weTao ongenakufa” kuphela “oye warhoxa kuMbutho wamaTao” emva kokubhencwa. Nangona kunjalo, akukho ngxelo malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho olunobuzaza olukrokrelekayo olufana nobuqhetseba kunye nonyango olungekho mthethweni. U-Fang Zhouzi naye wavuma ukuba wayenexhala malunga nokukhuselwa kuka-Li Yi yimikhosi yasekuhlaleni kwaye wayenesimo sengqondo sokulinda kunye nokubona ukuba uLi Yi ekugqibeleni uya kutshutshiswa. Kukho nenani elikhulu loonjingalwazi abaye benza izityholo zobuxoki kwaye bakopa. Emva kokuba uFang Zhouzi ebatyhile, uninzi lwabo lwemka. Zimbalwa kuzo eziphandiweyo kwaze kwajongwana nazo ngaphakathi kwinkqubo.
UFang Zhouzi kufuneka abethwe
Inkululeko yabenzi bomgunyathi kunye namaqili ahluke kakhulu kubulolo bukaFang Zhouzi. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga ngokwenene kuluntu lwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, ndicinga ukuba uhlaselo lukaFang Zhouzi luyisiphumo esingenakuphepheka sokuphuhliswa kwesi simo esingaqhelekanga. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwesohlwayo esicwangcisiweyo kwabazenzisi, ukubavumela ukuba bangohlwaywa eneneni kubeka abazenzisi emngciphekweni.
Akunjalo? Xa la maqothaqikili abhencwa, amajelo eendaba agxalathelana yaye amele ukuba angcangcazela ekuqaleni, kodwa njengoko kwakudlula ukukhanya, afumanisa ukuba indlela esesikweni yokohlwaya ayizange ilandele. Banokusebenzisa zonke iintlobo zobudlelwane ukuguqula ezopolitiko zibe yimpahla yabo yabucala kwaye bavumele inkundla isebenze njengelungelo labo. Fang Zhouzi, xa ubhenca wena kunye namajelo eendaba akuxelayo, ndiyema ngokuqinileyo. Ungandenzela ntoni?
Emva kokuhlaselwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, abaqhankqalazi bafumene indlela: akukho sistim somsindo sokulandela, ukuvezwa kweendaba akukoyiki kakhulu, uluvo loluntu lweendaba, rhoqo ukwenza ingxabano, rhoqo ukulibala ngokukhawuleza.
Ukongeza kumajelo eendaba, abaqhankqalazi bafumanisa ukuba uFang Zhouzi nguye kuphela utshaba olujongene nabo, kungekhona inkqubo. Ngoko ke, bakholelwa ukuba ngokubulala uFang Zhouzi, baye babetha endleleni ukuze bahlasele izinto zomgunyathi. Umhlaseli wayemthiyile ngenxa yokuthetha kwakhe inyaniso yaye wayekholelwa ukuba xa etshatyalalisiwe, ubuxoki buya kwesamela. Ngenxa yokuba, ungumntu omnye kuphela ekulweni.
Isizathu sokuba lo mhlaseli abe nobuganga bokubulala uFang Zhouzi ngendlela exakileyo kukuba kwiimeko ezininzi uphando lwemiba enjalo lubuthathaka ngokwenene. Kwixesha elithile elidluleyo, uFang Xuanchang, umhleli wephephancwadi iCaijing, owayesebenzisana noFang Zhouzi ekupheliseni izinto zomgunyathi, wenzakala ngokumanyumnyezi xa abantu ababini bamhlasela ngemivalo yentsimbi ngoxa wayephuma emsebenzini. Emva kokuchaza eli tyala emapoliseni, eli phephancwadi lathumela iileta ezimbini kwisebe lokhuseleko likawonke-wonke libongoza ukuba kuqwalaselwe ingqalelo. Umphumo waba lityala eliqhelekileyo lolwaphulo-mthetho elingenamapolisa.
UFang Zhouzi uthe: "Ukuba amaziko okhuseleko anike ingqwalasela eyaneleyo kuhlaselo lukaFang Xuanchang kwaye ngokukhawuleza aliphande kwaye alisombulula eli tyala, ibiya kuba lolona khuselo lukhulu kumaxhoba, kwaye isiganeko endisisukelayo ngesingasenzekanga." Kucingelwa ukuba ukuphuncuka kwezaphuli-mthetho kumnatha kuyimbonakaliso yezenzo ezimbi.
Ewe, ngokwamava adlulileyo, ugxininiso lohlaselo lukaFang Zhouzi luphezulu kakhulu. Ukuba iinkokeli zekomiti yezopolitiko nezomthetho zicela umhla wokugqibela wokusombulula ulwaphulo-mthetho, amathuba okusombulula ulwaphulo-mthetho akayi kuba phantsi kakhulu. Ndisafuna ukuthetha ngokubandayo ukuba ukuba ityala likaFang Zhouzi aliphulwanga, ubulungisa kunye nomthetho womthetho awunakufumaneka kuluntu lwethu. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba ityala likaFang Zhouzi lisonjululwe, kusenokwenzeka ukuba luloyiso lolawulo lomntu. Ngaphandle kwenkqubo yentlalo ephilileyo, nokuba u-Fang Zhouzi ukhuselekile, isiphelo esipheleleyo se-muckrakers abangenamagama kunye neempempe kulo luntu sisaxhalabile.
Ngaloo ndlela imilinganiselo yokuziphatha nokusesikweni kwawohloka
Ngaphambili, xa ndandifunda ifilosofi yokuziphatha, ndandingasiqondi ncam isizathu sokuba “iTheory of Justice” imalunga nokusasazwa. Kamva, ngokuthe ngcembe ndaqonda ukuba ukusasazwa sisiseko sokuziphatha okuhle kwezentlalo. Ukuyibeka ngokucacileyo, indlela yentlalontle ifuna abantu abalungileyo ukuba babe neziphumo ezilungileyo. Kungale ndlela kuphela uluntu olunokuthi lube nokuziphatha, inkqubela kunye nokuchuma. Ngokuchasene noko, ukuziphatha okuhle kwentlalo kuya kubuyela umva kwaye kuya kutshona ekonakaleni nasekuwohlokeni ngenxa yorhwaphilizo.
U-Fang Zhouzi uye waqhekeza iimpahla zomgunyathi iminyaka eyi-10. Ngokubhekiselele kwimbuyekezo yobuqu, kunokuthiwa "wenzakalisa abanye kodwa akazizuzisi yena". Inzuzo yodwa bubulungisa bethu boluntu. Wenza abazenzisi ngabanye bangabi nandawo yakuzifihla ngomlilo othe ngqo. Wagcina ibhotwe lezemfundo kunye nokucoceka kokugqibela kokuziphatha koluntu iminyaka elishumi, kwaye wavumela imikhosi yobubi ukuba yoyike ngenxa yobukho bakhe.
UFang Zhouzi waxhathisa iidemon eyedwa, njengendoda enesidima, enyulu nendilekileyo. Waba “ngumlweli” owaziwayo ngokucinezela izinto zomgunyathi waza waphantse waba ngumfeli-nkolo. KuFang Zhouzi, inokuba bubuntu obubekekileyo, kodwa kuluntu lonke, lusizi.
Ukuba uluntu lwethu, olufana noFang Zhouzi, luqinile kwaye alunakonakala, kodwa abo baye benza igalelo elikhulu ekuziphatheni koluntu kunye nobulungisa abafumani imbuyekezo enhle, ngokuchaseneyo, ezo zikhohlisi ziba ngcono kwaye zingcono, ngoko ukuziphatha kwethu kwentlalo kunye nobulungisa kuya kuwa ngokukhawuleza.
Umfazi kaFang Zhouzi ulindele ukuba amapolisa aseBeijing abambe umbulali ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ulindele nomhla apho uluntu lwaseTshayina lungasamdingi uFang Zhouzi ukuba axhathise iidemon yedwa. Ukuba uluntu luswele inkqubo yesandi kunye nomatshini kwaye lihlala livumela abantu ukuba bajongane needemon, abantu abaninzi baya kuzimanya needemon kungekudala.
Ukuba uFang Zhouzi uba ngumTshayina ongaphumeleliyo, iChina ayinakuphumelela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-02-2010